Icter refers to which condition?

• A. Anemia
• B. Bleeding
• C. Infection
• D. Jaundice

Answer: (D)

Icterus is the term for jaundice—the yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to elevated bilirubin in the blood. This happens when bilirubin production, metabolism, or excretion is disrupted, such as from liver dysfunction, bile duct obstruction, or increased red blood cell breakdown. Because jaundice presents with yellowing, it points to a bilirubin-related issue rather than anemia (low blood cells), bleeding (visible blood loss or bruising), or infection (fever and other systemic signs). In clinical notes, spotting yellowing of the sclera and skin is the hallmark of icterus, distinguishing it from the other conditions listed.